High voltage power cables: the key to future power transmission

In modern society, a reliable supply of electricity is an important foundation for supporting economic development and quality of life. High-voltage power cables play a vital role as a core component of the power transmission network. In this paper, we will discuss the definition, key technologies, and future directions of high voltage power cables to help understand their importance in the power system.

1. Definition and role of high-voltage power cables

High-voltage power cables are cables used for transmitting high-voltage power, usually with an operating voltage above 35kV. They are mainly used for power transmission over long distances to reduce energy losses and improve transmission efficiency. Compared with low-voltage cables, high-voltage power cables are capable of carrying higher currents and need to be designed with more stringent safety and insulation requirements in mind.

2. Key technologies for high-voltage power cables

1. Insulation materials:

The insulation material of high-voltage power cables is a key factor in ensuring the normal operation of the cables. Common insulating materials include cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) . XLPE insulation has excellent electrical properties and thermal stability and is widely used in high voltage cables.

2. Conductor material:

Conductors for high voltage power cables are usually made of copper or aluminium, which have good electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. Copper conductors, although more expensive, have better conductivity than aluminium and are therefore more common in demanding applications. Aluminium conductors are less expensive, but their lightweight properties make them preferable in some large-scale projects.

3. Interlayer shielding and outer sheath:

To ensure the reliability of cables, high-voltage power cables are usually provided with multiple layers of shielding and outer sheath. The shielding is used to reduce electromagnetic interference and improve the electrical performance of the cable, while the outer sheath protects the cable from mechanical damage and environmental influences.

3. Application areas of high-voltage power cables

1. Urban power transmission:

In cities, high-voltage power cables are commonly used in buried cable systems, which reduces both the occupation of the ground and the impact on the environment. These cables can safely transmit large amounts of power to meet the rapidly growing power demand in cities.

2. Industrial applications:

In the industrial sector, high voltage power cables are used to connect substations to production equipment to ensure an efficient and stable power supply. These cables need to be extremely voltage resistant and durable to withstand harsh operating environments.

3. Renewable energy:

With the rise of renewable energy sources, especially wind and solar energy, the use of high-voltage power cables in these areas is also increasing. They can effectively transmit the generated power to the grid and promote the use of clean energy.

High voltage power cables play an irreplaceable role in modern power transmission systems. As technology continues to advance, their performance and application areas are expanding. Understanding and mastering the key technologies and development trends of high-voltage power cables will help us better meet the challenges of future power demand and promote the safe, efficient and sustainable development of power systems.