What is a drain wire? What is its purpose?
A drain wire (bare or tinned copper) runs longitudinally inside or alongside the shield (braid or foil).
Functions:
1) Lowers shield contact resistance for easy grounding
2) Simplifies termination
3) Ensures shield continuity for better EMI rejection
Common in instrumentation, RS-485, audio cables.
Source: EMC design guide.
How to claim if cable length is found insufficient upon arrival?
1.Keep original packaging and meter markings, take photos/videos.
2.Measure at least 3 reels with a length counter.
3.Contact supplier with evidence.
4.Claim per contract (typically double compensation or replacement).
Specify tolerance (e.g., -0%/+5%) and claim procedure in contract.
Source: Trade contract practices.
What are the responsibilities of buyer and seller under FOB vs CIF?
FOB: Seller loads goods onto vessel and handles export customs; buyer pays freight and insurance.
CIF: Seller pays freight and minimum insurance; risk transfers when goods pass ship's rail.
FOB is common for cable exports.
Source: Incoterms 2020.
What is the average sea freight time from China to US West Coast?
From major Chinese ports to Los Angeles/Long Beach: direct vessel about 14-18 days.
Door-to-door (including inland and customs): typically 25-35 days.
Subject to peak season, congestion, and carrier schedules.
Source: Shipping data & industry experience.
How to protect cables from moisture during sea freight? What packaging standards apply?
Common methods:
1) Waterproof liner inside reel
2) Desiccant bags (silica gel or clay, 2-5 per reel)
3) Stretch wrap around reel
4) Humidity indicator card in container
Standards: NMFTA or ASTM D3951 (best practices). Wooden reels must be ISPM 15 compliant.
Source: Industry moisture protection practices.
How many cable reels can fit in a 20ft container?
Depends on OD and reel size. 20ft interior: 5.9×2.35×2.39m.
Typical reference: For 1000mm diameter reels: 2 across, 5 lengthwise → 10 per layer, stack 2 layers → ~20 reels.
Actual quantity depends on volumetric calculation. Length per reel varies greatly.
Source: Container dimensions & packing practice.
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